Today’s world has many social and moral problems such drugs, many civilisation’s diseases, smoking, many types of crime, poverty, wars and ethnical conflicts, ecological problems, unemployment and others.
Drugs are one of the biggest problems of today’s world, so I would like talk about it at first.
A drug is any substance, which inferences the body works. The most dangerous are drugs, which affect the brain.
Drug-use in the world is increasing and more young people are addicted. Drugs can be divided into three categories: hard, soft and legal. All three types can cause addiction, illness, or even death. Hard drugs include heroin and cocaine. Drugs like marijuana, hashish, and solvents are considered soft drugs. Legal drugs include tobacco, alcohol, prescription and non-prescription medicines. Drugs are the second biggest business in the world. Only the arms business is bigger. Thousands of drug addicts die every year.
The most dangerous civilisation’s disease is AIDS (this is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Worldwide, about 12 million people have AIDS nowadays and every day more than 200 people will probably become infected with the AIDS virus.
This disease is deadly and it is the result of infection by a virus HIV (this is Human Immunodeficiency Virus). AIDS itself doesn’t kill a person, but attacks a person’s immune system, so the body cannot fight and people die.
HIV is infectious by blood. In this time there are two major ways, that people may become infected with the AIDS virus. One way is through sexual contact with an infected person and the other way is through sharing drug needles with an infected person. In the past time people were infected by blood transfusion, but nowadays it is impossible, because all the donated blood is tested. However women can infect with the AIDS virus their children, when they are pregnant. Their children can be born infected with the virus.
Smoking is a serious health problem that more and more teenagers have taken up smoking. Most teenagers’ start smoking in order to look cool in front of their friends but unfortunately they wind up addicted. Many tobacco companies have been blamed for making advertising, which is designed to appeal to young people. It is a tragedy but cigarette smoking kills 2.5 million people every year.
Crimes are usually classified as misdemeanour against the law. Crimes and their punishments are divided according to their importance.
A murder, the crime of killing a person, is the most horrible crime. Robbery is taking property from a person against his or her will by threatening or committing force or violence. Sometimes a robber uses a hostage. A hostage is a person taken by force to secure the taker’s demands. A burglary is the breaking and entering a house of another at night with the intent to commit a felony.
Other naturally evil crimes are rape and arson.
Rape is the crime of sexual intercourse without the consent of the victim, often through force or threat of violence. In many cases, the establishment of guilt becomes difficult, particularly in cases where the victim displays no physical evidence of violence, but only one testimony against the other.
Arson is the malicious and wilful burning of the buildings, structures or vehicles of another. There are several degrees of arson, for example arson committed at night is considered more serious than arson committed in the daytime.
The person suspected of crime is taken into custody by a police officer. If the crime is serious, the case is first presented to a grand jury. While action is pending, the party charged may be released on bail. In courtroom there are jury, judge, the defender, accuser and the accused. Then they explore evidence, speak with witnesses and solve the case. If the accused is found innocent, he or she is discharged; if the accused is found guilty, the judge pronounces sentence.
Unemployment is an economic danger for every country. In our country, a lot of people are unemployed. The percentage varies from region to region and it is between 2 and 20 %. The most affected regions are in the north of Bohemia and Moravia with the heavy industry. There is no demand for coal and steel on the world markets, so thousands of workers have been made redundant. Another reason for unemployment is hundreds of companies that go bankrupt. School-leavers cannot often find a job and have to be on the dole. For most people is being out of work for a long time is humiliating depressing, and may lead to mental disorders or even suicide.
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